Visuals

• Asset class returns

  Stocks, bonds, gold, REITs and commodities ranked by their return each year.

• Sector returns

  The 11 S&P 500 sectors ranked by their return each year.

• Country returns

  The 12 largest stock markets ranked by their return each year, in US dollars.

• Portfolio returns

  Classic portfolios like the Three-Fund and All Weather ranked by their return each year.

• S&P 500 since 1871

  Growth of $1, every decline after inflation, and the best and worst stretches.

• Stock market crashes

  Every S&P 500 bear market from a record high since 1871, side by side from its peak.